ESP32 Bluetooth入門：Bluetooth ClassicとBLEの違い、LED制御とセンサー

1#include "BluetoothSerial.h"
2
3// Klasik Bluetooth yalnızca ilk ESP32'de var / Classic Bluetooth exists only on the original ESP32
4#if !defined(CONFIG_BT_ENABLED) || !defined(CONFIG_BLUEDROID_ENABLED)
5#error Bluetooth is not enabled! Please run `make menuconfig` to and enable it
6#endif
7#if !defined(CONFIG_BT_SPP_ENABLED)
8#error Serial Bluetooth not available or not enabled. It is only available for the ESP32 chip.
9#endif
10
11BluetoothSerial SerialBT;
12const int LED_PIN = 2;                 // DevKit dahili LED / DevKit onboard LED
13bool ledAcik = false;
14
15void ledAyarla(bool acik) {
16  ledAcik = acik;
17  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, acik ? HIGH : LOW);
18  SerialBT.println(acik ? "LED acik / LED on" : "LED kapali / LED off");
19}
20
21void setup() {
22  Serial.begin(115200);
23  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
24  SerialBT.begin("BlueGrays-ESP32");   // telefonda görünecek ad / name shown on the phone
25  Serial.println("Eslesmeye hazir / Ready to pair");
26}
27
28void loop() {
29  if (SerialBT.available()) {
30    String komut = SerialBT.readStringUntil('\n');  // satır sonuna kadar oku / read until newline
31    komut.trim();                                   // CR ve boşlukları sil / strip CR and spaces
32    komut.toLowerCase();
33
34    if (komut == "1" || komut == "ac") {
35      ledAyarla(true);
36    } else if (komut == "0" || komut == "kapat") {
37      ledAyarla(false);
38    } else if (komut == "durum") {
39      SerialBT.println(ledAcik ? "LED acik / LED on" : "LED kapali / LED off");
40    } else if (komut.length() > 0) {
41      SerialBT.print("Bilinmeyen komut / Unknown command: ");
42      SerialBT.println(komut);
43    }
44  }
45
46  if (Serial.available()) {            // Seri Monitör'den telefona / Serial Monitor to phone
47    SerialBT.write(Serial.read());
48  }
49}

1#include <BLEDevice.h>
2#include <BLEServer.h>
3#include <BLEUtils.h>
4#include <BLE2902.h>
5
6// Nordic UART Service UUID'leri / Nordic UART Service UUIDs
7#define SERVICE_UUID "6E400001-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"
8#define RX_UUID      "6E400002-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"  // telefon -> ESP32 / phone -> ESP32
9#define TX_UUID      "6E400003-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"  // ESP32 -> telefon / ESP32 -> phone
10
11const int LED_PIN = 2;
12
13BLEServer *sunucu = nullptr;
14BLECharacteristic *txKarakteristik = nullptr;
15volatile bool bagli = false;
16bool oncekiBagli = false;
17volatile int bekleyenKomut = -1;          // -1: yeni komut yok / no new command
18
19class SunucuOlaylari : public BLEServerCallbacks {
20  void onConnect(BLEServer *s) { bagli = true; }
21  void onDisconnect(BLEServer *s) { bagli = false; }
22};
23
24class RxOlaylari : public BLECharacteristicCallbacks {
25  void onWrite(BLECharacteristic *c) {
26    String deger = c->getValue().c_str(); // çekirdek 2.x ve 3.x ile uyumlu / works on core 2.x and 3.x
27    deger.trim();
28    if (deger == "1") bekleyenKomut = 1;
29    else if (deger == "0") bekleyenKomut = 0;
30  }
31};
32
33void cevapGonder(const char *mesaj) {
34  txKarakteristik->setValue((uint8_t *)mesaj, strlen(mesaj));
35  txKarakteristik->notify();              // telefona bildirim / notify the phone
36}
37
38void setup() {
39  Serial.begin(115200);
40  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
41
42  BLEDevice::init("BlueGrays-BLE");       // yayında görünecek ad / advertised name
43  sunucu = BLEDevice::createServer();
44  sunucu->setCallbacks(new SunucuOlaylari());
45
46  BLEService *servis = sunucu->createService(SERVICE_UUID);
47
48  txKarakteristik = servis->createCharacteristic(TX_UUID, BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_NOTIFY);
49  txKarakteristik->addDescriptor(new BLE2902());   // bildirim anahtarı (CCCD) / notification switch (CCCD)
50
51  BLECharacteristic *rx = servis->createCharacteristic(
52    RX_UUID, BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE | BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_WRITE_NR);
53  rx->setCallbacks(new RxOlaylari());
54
55  servis->start();
56
57  BLEAdvertising *yayin = BLEDevice::getAdvertising();
58  yayin->addServiceUUID(SERVICE_UUID);
59  yayin->setScanResponse(true);
60  yayin->setMinPreferred(0x06);           // iPhone bağlantısına yardımcı / helps iPhone connections
61  yayin->setMaxPreferred(0x12);
62  BLEDevice::startAdvertising();
63  Serial.println("BLE yayini basladi / BLE advertising started");
64}
65
66void loop() {
67  if (bekleyenKomut != -1) {              // telefondan komut geldi / command received
68    int komut = bekleyenKomut;
69    bekleyenKomut = -1;
70    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, komut == 1 ? HIGH : LOW);
71    if (bagli) cevapGonder(komut == 1 ? "LED acik" : "LED kapali");
72  }
73
74  if (!bagli && oncekiBagli) {            // bağlantı koptu / disconnected
75    delay(500);                           // yığına zaman tanı / give the stack time
76    sunucu->startAdvertising();           // yeniden görünür ol / advertise again
77    Serial.println("Yeniden yayin / Advertising again");
78    oncekiBagli = false;
79  }
80  if (bagli && !oncekiBagli) {            // yeni bağlantı / new connection
81    Serial.println("Telefon baglandi / Phone connected");
82    oncekiBagli = true;
83  }
84}

1#include <BLEDevice.h>
2#include <BLEServer.h>
3#include <BLE2902.h>
4#include <DHT.h>
5
6#define DHT_PIN 4
7DHT dht(DHT_PIN, DHT22);
8
9BLEServer *sunucu = nullptr;
10BLECharacteristic *sicaklikKar = nullptr;
11BLECharacteristic *nemKar = nullptr;
12volatile bool bagli = false;
13bool oncekiBagli = false;
14unsigned long sonOlcum = 0;
15
16class SunucuOlaylari : public BLEServerCallbacks {
17  void onConnect(BLEServer *s) { bagli = true; }
18  void onDisconnect(BLEServer *s) { bagli = false; }
19};
20
21BLECharacteristic *karakteristikEkle(BLEService *servis, uint16_t uuid) {
22  BLECharacteristic *k = servis->createCharacteristic(
23    BLEUUID(uuid), BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_READ | BLECharacteristic::PROPERTY_NOTIFY);
24  k->addDescriptor(new BLE2902());        // bildirim için gerekli / needed for notify
25  return k;
26}
27
28void setup() {
29  Serial.begin(115200);
30  dht.begin();
31
32  BLEDevice::init("BlueGrays-Sensor");
33  sunucu = BLEDevice::createServer();
34  sunucu->setCallbacks(new SunucuOlaylari());
35
36  BLEService *servis = sunucu->createService(BLEUUID((uint16_t)0x181A));  // Environmental Sensing
37  sicaklikKar = karakteristikEkle(servis, 0x2A6E);  // sıcaklık, 0,01 °C / temperature, 0.01 °C
38  nemKar = karakteristikEkle(servis, 0x2A6F);       // nem, %0,01 / humidity, 0.01 %
39  servis->start();
40
41  BLEAdvertising *yayin = BLEDevice::getAdvertising();
42  yayin->addServiceUUID(BLEUUID((uint16_t)0x181A));
43  yayin->setScanResponse(true);
44  BLEDevice::startAdvertising();
45}
46
47void loop() {
48  if (millis() - sonOlcum >= 2000) {      // DHT22 en fazla 2 sn'de bir / DHT22 at most every 2 s
49    sonOlcum = millis();
50    float t = dht.readTemperature();
51    float h = dht.readHumidity();
52    if (!isnan(t) && !isnan(h)) {
53      int16_t t100 = (int16_t)lroundf(t * 100);    // 23,45 °C -> 2345
54      uint16_t h100 = (uint16_t)lroundf(h * 100);  // %41,2 -> 4120
55      sicaklikKar->setValue((uint8_t *)&t100, 2);  // 2 bayt, düşük bayt önce / 2 bytes, little-endian
56      nemKar->setValue((uint8_t *)&h100, 2);
57      if (bagli) {
58        sicaklikKar->notify();
59        nemKar->notify();
60      }
61      Serial.printf("%.2f C  %.2f %%\n", t, h);
62    }
63  }
64
65  if (!bagli && oncekiBagli) {            // bağlantı koptu / disconnected
66    delay(500);
67    sunucu->startAdvertising();           // yeniden yayın / advertise again
68    oncekiBagli = false;
69  }
70  if (bagli && !oncekiBagli) oncekiBagli = true;
71}

1import bluetooth
2import struct
3import time
4from machine import Pin, ADC
5from micropython import const
6
7_IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT = const(1)
8_IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT = const(2)
9_IRQ_GATTS_WRITE = const(3)
10_FLAG_READ = const(0x0002)
11_FLAG_WRITE_NO_RESPONSE = const(0x0004)
12_FLAG_WRITE = const(0x0008)
13_FLAG_NOTIFY = const(0x0010)
14
15# Nordic UART Service: ESP32 örneğiyle aynı UUID'ler / same UUIDs as the ESP32 example
16NUS_UUID = bluetooth.UUID("6E400001-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E")
17TX = (bluetooth.UUID("6E400003-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"), _FLAG_READ | _FLAG_NOTIFY)
18RX = (bluetooth.UUID("6E400002-B5A3-F393-E0A9-E50E24DCCA9E"), _FLAG_WRITE | _FLAG_WRITE_NO_RESPONSE)
19
20led = Pin("LED", Pin.OUT)       # Pico W dahili LED / Pico W onboard LED
21sensor = ADC(4)                 # dahili sıcaklık sensörü / internal temperature sensor
22
23ble = bluetooth.BLE()
24ble.active(True)
25((tx_h, rx_h),) = ble.gatts_register_services(((NUS_UUID, (TX, RX)),))
26baglanti = None
27
28
29def alan(tur, veri):            # uzunluk + tür + veri / length + type + data
30    return struct.pack("BB", len(veri) + 1, tur) + veri
31
32
33YAYIN = alan(0x01, b"\x06") + alan(0x09, b"BlueGrays-Pico")  # bayraklar + ad / flags + name
34YANIT = alan(0x07, bytes(NUS_UUID))                          # 128 bit UUID / 128-bit UUID
35
36
37def yayinla():
38    ble.gap_advertise(100000, adv_data=YAYIN, resp_data=YANIT)  # 100 ms aralık / interval
39
40
41def olay(event, data):
42    global baglanti
43    if event == _IRQ_CENTRAL_CONNECT:
44        baglanti = data[0]
45    elif event == _IRQ_CENTRAL_DISCONNECT:
46        baglanti = None
47        yayinla()                                 # yeniden görünür ol / advertise again
48    elif event == _IRQ_GATTS_WRITE and data[1] == rx_h:
49        komut = ble.gatts_read(rx_h).decode().strip()
50        if komut == "1":
51            led.on()
52        elif komut == "0":
53            led.off()
54
55
56ble.irq(olay)
57yayinla()
58
59while True:
60    if baglanti is not None:
61        volt = sensor.read_u16() * 3.3 / 65535
62        sicaklik = 27 - (volt - 0.706) / 0.001721   # veri sayfası formülü / datasheet formula
63        try:
64            ble.gatts_notify(baglanti, tx_h, "T:{:.1f}\n".format(sicaklik).encode())
65        except OSError:
66            pass                                    # bağlantı yeni koptu / just disconnected
67    time.sleep(2)