ACS712電流センサー：ArduinoでDCとACの電流を測る

1// ACS712 ile DC akım ölçme / DC current measurement with ACS712
2const int SENSOR_PIN = A0;            // ACS712 OUT pini / ACS712 OUT pin
3const float SENSITIVITY = 0.185;      // V/A: 5A=0.185, 20A=0.100, 30A=0.066
4const float ADC_STEP = 5.0 / 1024.0;  // bir ADC basamağı (V) / one ADC step (V)
5const int SAMPLES = 200;              // ortalama için örnek sayısı / samples to average
6
7float zeroRaw = 512.0;                // akım yokken ham değer / raw value at zero current
8
9// SAMPLES kez okuyup ortalamayı döndürür / reads SAMPLES times and returns the average
10float readAverageRaw() {
11  long sum = 0;
12  for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i++) {
13    sum += analogRead(SENSOR_PIN);
14  }
15  return sum / (float)SAMPLES;
16}
17
18void setup() {
19  Serial.begin(9600);
20  delay(500);                         // sensörün oturmasını bekle / let the sensor settle
21  zeroRaw = readAverageRaw();         // yük KAPALIYKEN sıfır noktası / zero point with the load OFF
22  Serial.print(F("Sifir noktasi / Zero point: "));
23  Serial.print(zeroRaw * ADC_STEP, 3);
24  Serial.println(F(" V"));
25}
26
27void loop() {
28  float raw = readAverageRaw();
29  float current = (raw - zeroRaw) * ADC_STEP / SENSITIVITY;  // amper / amps
30
31  Serial.print(F("Akim / Current: "));
32  Serial.print(current, 2);
33  Serial.println(F(" A"));
34  delay(500);
35}

1// ACS712 ile AC akım (RMS) ve görünür güç / AC current (RMS) and apparent power with ACS712
2const int SENSOR_PIN = A0;
3const float SENSITIVITY = 0.100;      // 20A modül: 100 mV/A / 20A module: 100 mV/A
4const float ADC_STEP = 5.0 / 1024.0;
5const unsigned long WINDOW_MS = 100;  // 50 Hz'te 5, 60 Hz'te 6 tam periyot / 5 cycles at 50 Hz, 6 at 60 Hz
6const float MAINS_VOLTAGE = 230.0;    // şebeke gerilimi (V) / mains voltage (V)
7
8float noiseRms = 0.0;                 // yük yokken ölçülen gürültü (A) / noise measured with no load (A)
9
10// Pencere boyunca örnek alır, ortalamayı çıkarıp RMS hesaplar / samples over the window, removes the mean, returns RMS
11float readRmsAmps() {
12  long sum = 0;
13  unsigned long sumSq = 0;
14  unsigned int n = 0;
15  unsigned long start = millis();
16  while (millis() - start < WINDOW_MS) {
17    int d = analogRead(SENSOR_PIN) - 512;  // 2,5 V'u sıfıra yaklaştır / shift 2.5 V to about zero
18    sum += d;
19    sumSq += (long)d * d;
20    n++;
21  }
22  float mean = sum / (float)n;                       // sıfır noktası kayması / zero point offset
23  float variance = sumSq / (float)n - mean * mean;   // yalnız AC kısım / AC part only
24  if (variance < 0) variance = 0;
25  return sqrt(variance) * ADC_STEP / SENSITIVITY;
26}
27
28void setup() {
29  Serial.begin(9600);
30  delay(500);
31  noiseRms = readRmsAmps();           // ilk ölçüm yük KAPALIYKEN / first reading with the load OFF
32  Serial.print(F("Gurultu / Noise: "));
33  Serial.print(noiseRms, 3);
34  Serial.println(F(" A"));
35}
36
37void loop() {
38  float irms = readRmsAmps();
39  float sq = irms * irms - noiseRms * noiseRms;  // gürültüyü karesel çıkar / subtract noise in quadrature
40  irms = (sq > 0) ? sqrt(sq) : 0.0;
41  float apparentPower = MAINS_VOLTAGE * irms;     // VA; dirençli yükte ≈ W / VA; ≈ W for resistive loads
42
43  Serial.print(F("Irms: "));
44  Serial.print(irms, 3);
45  Serial.print(F(" A   Guc / Power: "));
46  Serial.print(apparentPower, 1);
47  Serial.println(F(" VA"));
48  delay(1000);
49}

1// ACS712 + gerilim sensörü ile güç (W) ve enerji (Wh) / power (W) and energy (Wh) with ACS712 + voltage sensor
2const int CURRENT_PIN = A0;           // ACS712 OUT
3const int VOLTAGE_PIN = A1;           // 0-25 V gerilim sensörü S pini / 0-25 V voltage sensor S pin
4const float SENSITIVITY = 0.185;      // 5A modül / 5A module (V/A)
5const float DIVIDER_RATIO = 5.0;      // (30k + 7,5k) / 7,5k = 5 / divider ratio
6const float ADC_STEP = 5.0 / 1024.0;
7const int SAMPLES = 200;
8
9float zeroRaw = 512.0;
10float energyWh = 0.0;                 // biriken enerji / accumulated energy
11unsigned long lastMs = 0;
12
13float averageRaw(int pin) {
14  long sum = 0;
15  for (int i = 0; i < SAMPLES; i++) sum += analogRead(pin);
16  return sum / (float)SAMPLES;
17}
18
19void setup() {
20  Serial.begin(9600);
21  delay(500);
22  zeroRaw = averageRaw(CURRENT_PIN);  // yük kapalıyken sıfır noktası / zero point with the load off
23  lastMs = millis();
24}
25
26void loop() {
27  float current = (averageRaw(CURRENT_PIN) - zeroRaw) * ADC_STEP / SENSITIVITY;
28  float voltage = averageRaw(VOLTAGE_PIN) * ADC_STEP * DIVIDER_RATIO;
29  float power = voltage * current;    // P = V x I (W)
30
31  unsigned long now = millis();
32  energyWh += power * (now - lastMs) / 3600000.0;  // W x saat = Wh / W x hours = Wh
33  lastMs = now;
34
35  Serial.print(voltage, 2);  Serial.print(F(" V   "));
36  Serial.print(current, 2);  Serial.print(F(" A   "));
37  Serial.print(power, 1);    Serial.print(F(" W   "));
38  Serial.print(energyWh, 3); Serial.println(F(" Wh"));
39  delay(1000);
40}

1// ESP32 + ACS712 (10k/20k gerilim bölücüyle) / ESP32 + ACS712 (with a 10k/20k voltage divider)
2const int SENSOR_PIN = 34;            // ADC1_CH6, Wi-Fi açıkken de çalışır / works while Wi-Fi is on
3const float DIVIDER = 20.0 / 30.0;    // R2 / (R1 + R2) = 20k / 30k
4const float SENS_AT_5V = 185.0;       // mV/A: 5A=185, 20A=100, 30A=66
5const unsigned long WINDOW_MS = 100;  // 50 Hz'te 5 tam periyot / 5 full cycles at 50 Hz
6
7float zeroMv = 2500.0;                // akım yokken sensör çıkışı (mV) / sensor output at zero current (mV)
8float sensMv = SENS_AT_5V;            // düzeltilmiş hassasiyet (mV/A) / corrected sensitivity (mV/A)
9
10// Bölücüden önceki gerilimin ortalaması (mV) / average voltage before the divider (mV)
11float averageMv(int samples) {
12  uint32_t sum = 0;
13  for (int i = 0; i < samples; i++) sum += analogReadMilliVolts(SENSOR_PIN);
14  return sum / (float)samples / DIVIDER;
15}
16
17// Pencere boyunca okur: DC (ortalama) ve AC (RMS) akım / reads over the window: DC (mean) and AC (RMS) current
18void measure(float &dcAmps, float &acAmps) {
19  double sum = 0, sumSq = 0;
20  uint32_t n = 0;
21  uint32_t start = millis();
22  while (millis() - start < WINDOW_MS) {
23    double d = analogReadMilliVolts(SENSOR_PIN) / DIVIDER - zeroMv;
24    sum += d;
25    sumSq += d * d;
26    n++;
27  }
28  double mean = sum / n;
29  double variance = sumSq / n - mean * mean;
30  if (variance < 0) variance = 0;
31  dcAmps = mean / sensMv;
32  acAmps = sqrt(variance) / sensMv;
33}
34
35void setup() {
36  Serial.begin(115200);
37  analogReadResolution(12);
38  delay(500);
39  zeroMv = averageMv(1000);                    // yük KAPALIYKEN / with the load OFF
40  sensMv = SENS_AT_5V * (2.0 * zeroMv) / 5000.0;  // oransal düzeltme: VCC = 2 x sıfır / ratiometric fix: VCC = 2 x zero
41  Serial.printf("Sifir / Zero: %.0f mV  Hassasiyet / Sensitivity: %.1f mV/A\n", zeroMv, sensMv);
42}
43
44void loop() {
45  float dc, ac;
46  measure(dc, ac);
47  Serial.printf("DC: %.2f A   AC (RMS): %.2f A\n", dc, ac);
48  delay(1000);
49}

1from machine import ADC
2import time
3import math
4
5adc = ADC(26)            # GP26 = ADC0, fiziksel pin 31 / physical pin 31
6VREF = 3.3               # ADC referansı (V) / ADC reference (V)
7DIVIDER = 20 / 30        # 10k/20k bölücü oranı / 10k/20k divider ratio
8SENS_AT_5V = 0.185       # V/A: 5A=0.185, 20A=0.100, 30A=0.066
9
10
11def read_volts(samples=200):
12    # bölücüden önceki ortalama gerilim / average voltage before the divider
13    total = 0
14    for _ in range(samples):
15        total += adc.read_u16()          # 0-65535
16    return total / samples * VREF / 65535 / DIVIDER
17
18
19zero = read_volts(1000)                  # yük KAPALIYKEN / with the load OFF
20sens = SENS_AT_5V * (2 * zero) / 5.0     # oransal düzeltme / ratiometric correction
21print("Sifir / Zero: {:.3f} V".format(zero))
22
23
24def read_rms(window_ms=100):
25    # 100 ms = 50 Hz'te 5 periyot / 5 cycles at 50 Hz
26    n = 0
27    s = 0.0
28    s2 = 0.0
29    start = time.ticks_ms()
30    while time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), start) < window_ms:
31        v = adc.read_u16() * VREF / 65535 / DIVIDER - zero
32        s += v
33        s2 += v * v
34        n += 1
35    mean = s / n
36    return math.sqrt(max(s2 / n - mean * mean, 0)) / sens
37
38
39while True:
40    dc = (read_volts() - zero) / sens
41    print("DC: {:.2f} A   AC (RMS): {:.2f} A".format(dc, read_rms()))
42    time.sleep(1)

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include <Adafruit_INA219.h>
3
4Adafruit_INA219 ina219;               // varsayılan adres 0x40 / default address 0x40
5
6void setup() {
7  Serial.begin(9600);
8  if (!ina219.begin()) {
9    Serial.println(F("INA219 bulunamadi / INA219 not found"));
10    while (true) delay(10);
11  }
12  // ina219.setCalibration_16V_400mA();  // küçük akımda daha ince çözünürlük / finer resolution for small currents
13}
14
15void loop() {
16  float busV = ina219.getBusVoltage_V();        // yük tarafındaki gerilim / voltage on the load side
17  float current_mA = ina219.getCurrent_mA();    // akım (mA) / current (mA)
18  float power_mW = ina219.getPower_mW();        // güç (mW) / power (mW)
19
20  Serial.print(busV, 2);       Serial.print(F(" V   "));
21  Serial.print(current_mA, 1); Serial.print(F(" mA   "));
22  Serial.print(power_mW, 0);   Serial.println(F(" mW"));
23  delay(1000);
24}