Arduinoでウォーターポンプ：小型の水中ポンプの配線と制御

1const byte PUMP_PIN = 9;            // MOSFET gate (220 Ω üzerinden) / MOSFET gate (through 220 Ω)
2
3void setup() {
4  pinMode(PUMP_PIN, OUTPUT);
5  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, LOW);      // açılışta pompa kapalı / pump off at start-up
6  Serial.begin(9600);
7}
8
9void loop() {
10  Serial.println(F("Pompa calisiyor / pump on"));
11  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, HIGH);     // MOSFET iletimde, pompa döner / MOSFET on, pump runs
12  delay(3000);                      // 3 saniye su bas / pump for 3 seconds
13  Serial.println(F("Pompa durdu / pump off"));
14  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, LOW);
15  delay(10000);                     // 10 saniye bekle / wait 10 seconds
16}

1const byte PUMP_PIN = 9;            // MOSFET gate, Timer1 PWM pini / Timer1 PWM pin
2const byte POT_PIN = A0;            // hız potansiyometresi / speed potentiometer
3const byte MIN_DUTY = 90;           // bunun altında pompa dönmez (≈ %35) / pump stalls below this (≈ 35 %)
4
5byte duty = 0;
6
7void setup() {
8  // D9-D10 PWM frekansı 490 Hz yerine 3,9 kHz (daha az vızıltı) / D9-D10 PWM at 3.9 kHz instead of 490 Hz (less whine)
9  TCCR1B = (TCCR1B & 0b11111000) | 0x02;
10  pinMode(PUMP_PIN, OUTPUT);
11  Serial.begin(9600);
12}
13
14void loop() {
15  int raw = analogRead(POT_PIN);                    // 0-1023
16  byte target = map(raw, 0, 1023, 0, 255);
17  if (target < MIN_DUTY) target = 0;                // çok yavaşsa tamamen durdur / stop completely if too slow
18
19  if (duty == 0 && target > 0) {                    // pompa duruyordu, şimdi kalkacak / pump was stopped, now starting
20    analogWrite(PUMP_PIN, 255);                     // kısa tam güç darbesi / short full-power kick
21    delay(150);
22  }
23  duty = target;
24  analogWrite(PUMP_PIN, duty);
25
26  Serial.print(F("PWM: "));
27  Serial.print(duty);
28  Serial.print(F("  (%"));
29  Serial.print(duty * 100 / 255);
30  Serial.println(F(")"));
31  delay(100);
32}

1const byte PUMP_PIN = 9;                 // MOSFET gate / MOSFET gate
2const byte BUTTON_PIN = 2;               // buton: D2 ile GND arası / button between D2 and GND
3const float ML_PER_SECOND = 18.5;        // kendi ölçtüğün debi / the flow rate you measured
4const float DOSE_ML = 50.0;              // bir basışta verilecek miktar / amount per press
5
6unsigned long doseTime = 0;              // ms cinsinden doz süresi / dose time in ms
7unsigned long startTime = 0;
8unsigned long lastPress = 0;
9bool pumping = false;
10bool lastButton = HIGH;
11
12void setPump(bool on) {
13  pumping = on;
14  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, on ? HIGH : LOW);
15  if (on) startTime = millis();
16}
17
18void setup() {
19  pinMode(PUMP_PIN, OUTPUT);
20  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, LOW);
21  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);     // basılıyken LOW / LOW while pressed
22  Serial.begin(9600);
23  doseTime = (unsigned long)(DOSE_ML / ML_PER_SECOND * 1000.0);
24  Serial.print(F("Doz suresi / dose time (ms): "));
25  Serial.println(doseTime);              // 50 / 18,5 = 2703 ms
26}
27
28void loop() {
29  bool button = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN);
30  if (button == LOW && lastButton == HIGH && millis() - lastPress > 200) {   // yeni basış, 200 ms debounce / new press, 200 ms debounce
31    lastPress = millis();
32    setPump(!pumping);                   // ilk basış başlatır, ikincisi iptal eder / first press starts, second cancels
33    Serial.println(pumping ? F("Doz basladi / dose started") : F("Iptal / cancelled"));
34  }
35  lastButton = button;
36
37  if (pumping && millis() - startTime >= doseTime) {   // süre doldu / time is up
38    setPump(false);
39    Serial.println(F("Doz tamam / dose done"));
40  }
41}

1const byte PUMP_PIN = 9;                 // MOSFET gate / MOSFET gate
2const byte SOIL_PIN = A0;                // kapasitif toprak nem sensörü AOUT / capacitive soil sensor AOUT
3const byte FLOAT_PIN = 3;                // şamandıra: D3 ile GND arası / float switch between D3 and GND
4const byte LED_PIN = 13;                 // uyarı LED'i / warning LED
5
6const int DRY_VALUE = 600;               // sensör kuru havadayken / sensor in dry air
7const int WET_VALUE = 280;               // sensör bardak sudayken / sensor in a glass of water
8const int START_PERCENT = 35;            // bunun altında sulamaya başla / start watering below this
9const int STOP_PERCENT = 55;             // buna ulaşınca dur / stop once this is reached
10const unsigned long PULSE_MS = 4000;     // bir darbede pompa süresi / pump time per pulse
11const unsigned long SOAK_MS = 60000;     // suyun toprağa yayılma süresi / time for the water to soak in
12const byte MAX_PULSES = 6;               // bir sulamada en fazla darbe / max pulses per watering
13
14byte pulses = 0;
15bool locked = false;
16unsigned long lastCheck = 0;
17
18bool waterAvailable() {
19  return digitalRead(FLOAT_PIN) == LOW;  // şamandıra yukarıda: kontak kapalı / float up: contact closed
20}
21
22int readMoisture() {
23  long sum = 0;
24  for (byte i = 0; i < 10; i++) {        // 10 ölçümün ortalaması / average of 10 readings
25    sum += analogRead(SOIL_PIN);
26    delay(5);
27  }
28  int percent = map(sum / 10, DRY_VALUE, WET_VALUE, 0, 100);
29  return constrain(percent, 0, 100);
30}
31
32void runPump(unsigned long ms) {
33  unsigned long t0 = millis();
34  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, HIGH);
35  while (millis() - t0 < ms) {
36    if (!waterAvailable()) break;        // su biterse hemen dur / stop at once if the water runs out
37  }
38  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, LOW);
39}
40
41void setup() {
42  pinMode(PUMP_PIN, OUTPUT);
43  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, LOW);
44  pinMode(FLOAT_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
45  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
46  Serial.begin(9600);
47  lastCheck = millis() - SOAK_MS;        // ilk ölçüm hemen yapılsın / take the first reading right away
48}
49
50void loop() {
51  if (!waterAvailable()) {               // depo boş: yavaş yanıp sön / tank empty: slow blink
52    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, (millis() / 500) % 2);
53    return;
54  }
55  if (locked) {                          // arıza: LED sürekli yanar / fault: LED stays on
56    digitalWrite(LED_PIN, HIGH);
57    return;
58  }
59  digitalWrite(LED_PIN, LOW);
60  if (millis() - lastCheck < SOAK_MS) return;
61  lastCheck = millis();
62
63  int moisture = readMoisture();
64  Serial.print(F("Nem / moisture: %"));
65  Serial.println(moisture);
66
67  if (pulses == 0 && moisture >= START_PERCENT) return;   // sulama gerekmiyor / no watering needed
68  if (moisture >= STOP_PERCENT) {                        // hedefe ulaşıldı / target reached
69    pulses = 0;
70    return;
71  }
72  if (pulses >= MAX_PULSES) {                            // nem yükselmiyor: sensör ya da hortum sorunu / moisture not rising: sensor or hose problem
73    locked = true;
74    Serial.println(F("Kilitlendi, kontrol et / locked, check the setup"));
75    return;
76  }
77  runPump(PULSE_MS);
78  pulses++;
79}

1#include <WiFi.h>
2#include <WebServer.h>
3
4const char* WIFI_SSID = "AgAdi";             // Wi-Fi adın (2,4 GHz) / your Wi-Fi name (2.4 GHz)
5const char* WIFI_PASS = "Sifre123";          // Wi-Fi şifren / your Wi-Fi password
6const int PUMP_PIN = 25;                     // MOSFET gate, 100 Ω üzerinden / through 100 Ω
7const unsigned long MAX_RUN_MS = 30000;      // güvenlik: en uzun çalışma / safety: longest run
8
9WebServer server(80);
10bool pumpOn = false;
11unsigned long pumpStart = 0;
12unsigned long pumpDuration = 0;
13
14void startPump(unsigned long ms) {
15  if (ms > MAX_RUN_MS) ms = MAX_RUN_MS;
16  pumpDuration = ms;
17  pumpStart = millis();
18  pumpOn = true;
19  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, HIGH);
20}
21
22void stopPump() {
23  pumpOn = false;
24  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, LOW);
25}
26
27void handleRoot() {
28  String html = F("<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset='utf-8'>"
29                  "<meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width,initial-scale=1'>"
30                  "<title>Pompa</title></head><body style='font-family:sans-serif;text-align:center'>"
31                  "<h2>BlueGrays Pompa</h2><p>");
32  html += pumpOn ? "Pompa çalışıyor / pump is on" : "Pompa kapalı / pump is off";
33  html += F("</p><p><a href='/run?s=5'><button>5 sn</button></a> "
34            "<a href='/run?s=15'><button>15 sn</button></a> "
35            "<a href='/stop'><button>Durdur / Stop</button></a></p></body></html>");
36  server.send(200, "text/html", html);
37}
38
39void goHome() {                              // ana sayfaya geri dön / go back to the main page
40  server.sendHeader("Location", "/");
41  server.send(303);
42}
43
44void handleRun() {
45  long seconds = server.arg("s").toInt();     // /run?s=5 → 5 saniye / 5 seconds
46  if (seconds > 0) startPump(seconds * 1000UL);
47  goHome();
48}
49
50void handleStop() {
51  stopPump();
52  goHome();
53}
54
55void setup() {
56  pinMode(PUMP_PIN, OUTPUT);
57  digitalWrite(PUMP_PIN, LOW);
58  Serial.begin(115200);
59  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
60  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS);
61  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
62    delay(500);
63    Serial.print(".");
64  }
65  Serial.println();
66  Serial.print(F("Tarayicida ac / open in the browser: http://"));
67  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
68
69  server.on("/", handleRoot);
70  server.on("/run", handleRun);
71  server.on("/stop", handleStop);
72  server.begin();
73}
74
75void loop() {
76  server.handleClient();
77  if (pumpOn && millis() - pumpStart >= pumpDuration) {   // süre doldu / time is up
78    stopPump();
79  }
80}

1from machine import Pin, PWM
2import time
3
4pump = PWM(Pin(15))                       # MOSFET gate, 100 Ω üzerinden / through 100 Ω
5pump.freq(1000)                           # 1 kHz PWM
6pump.duty_u16(0)                          # açılışta kapalı / off at start-up
7button = Pin(14, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)     # buton: GP14 ile GND arası / button between GP14 and GND
8
9INTERVAL_MS = 12 * 60 * 60 * 1000         # 12 saatte bir / every 12 hours
10WATER_MS = 8000                           # her seferde 8 saniye / 8 seconds each time
11SPEED = 0.8                               # %80 hız / 80 % speed
12
13def water(ms):
14    top = int(65535 * SPEED)
15    for d in range(0, top, 2000):         # yumuşak kalkış (≈ 0,3 s) / soft start (≈ 0.3 s)
16        pump.duty_u16(d)
17        time.sleep_ms(10)
18    pump.duty_u16(top)
19    time.sleep_ms(ms)
20    pump.duty_u16(0)                      # pompayı durdur / stop the pump
21    print("Sulandi / watered:", ms, "ms")
22
23last = time.ticks_ms()
24while True:
25    if time.ticks_diff(time.ticks_ms(), last) >= INTERVAL_MS:
26        last = time.ticks_ms()
27        water(WATER_MS)
28    if button.value() == 0:               # elle sulama / manual watering
29        water(3000)
30        while button.value() == 0:        # bırakılmasını bekle / wait for release
31            time.sleep_ms(10)
32    time.sleep_ms(50)