Arduinoで炎センサーを使う：配線、コード、火災警報

1// Alev sensörü ile basit yangın alarmı / Simple fire alarm with a flame sensor
2const int FLAME_DO = 2;          // modülün DO pini / module DO pin
3const int BUZZER = 8;            // aktif buzzer / active buzzer
4const int LED = 7;               // kırmızı LED (220 Ω ile) / red LED (with 220 Ω)
5const int FLAME_ACTIVE = LOW;    // çoğu modülde alev = LOW, KY-026'da HIGH / most modules: flame = LOW, KY-026: HIGH
6
7void setup() {
8  Serial.begin(9600);
9  pinMode(FLAME_DO, INPUT);
10  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
11  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
12}
13
14void loop() {
15  bool flame = digitalRead(FLAME_DO) == FLAME_ACTIVE;
16
17  if (flame) {
18    Serial.println(F("ALEV ALGILANDI! / FLAME DETECTED!"));
19    digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);
20    digitalWrite(BUZZER, HIGH);  // kesik kesik alarm sesi / beeping alarm
21    delay(150);
22    digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
23    delay(150);
24  } else {
25    digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
26    digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
27    delay(50);
28  }
29}

1// AO ile alev gücü ve yaklaşık mesafe / Flame strength and rough distance via AO
2const int FLAME_AO = A0;             // 4 pinli modülün AO pini / AO pin of the 4-pin module
3const bool DROPS_WITH_FLAME = true;  // çoğu modülde alev yaklaşınca değer düşer / on most modules the value falls as the flame approaches
4int baseline;                        // alevsiz ortam değeri / flame-free ambient value
5
6int readAverage() {
7  long sum = 0;
8  for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) {     // 16 ölçümün ortalaması / average of 16 readings
9    sum += analogRead(FLAME_AO);
10    delay(2);
11  }
12  return sum / 16;
13}
14
15void setup() {
16  Serial.begin(9600);
17  delay(1000);                       // açılışta ortamda alev olmamalı / no flame at start-up
18  baseline = readAverage();
19  Serial.print(F("Taban / Baseline: "));
20  Serial.println(baseline);
21}
22
23void loop() {
24  int value = readAverage();
25  int strength = DROPS_WITH_FLAME ? baseline - value : value - baseline;  // alev gücü / flame strength
26  if (strength < 0) strength = 0;
27
28  Serial.print(F("AO: "));
29  Serial.print(value);
30  Serial.print(F("  Guc / Strength: "));
31  Serial.print(strength);
32
33  if (strength > 400) {
34    Serial.println(F("  -> YAKIN ALEV / CLOSE FLAME"));
35  } else if (strength > 100) {
36    Serial.println(F("  -> UZAK ALEV / DISTANT FLAME"));
37  } else {
38    Serial.println(F("  -> alev yok / no flame"));
39  }
40  delay(250);
41}

1// Süre doğrulamalı ve titreşim analizli alev alarmı / Flame alarm with time confirmation and flicker analysis
2const int FLAME_AO = A0;
3const int BUZZER = 8;
4const int LED = 7;
5const int STRENGTH_LIMIT = 150;          // tabandan en az bu kadar sapma / minimum deviation from the baseline
6const int FLICKER_LIMIT = 20;            // 1 sn içindeki en az dalgalanma / minimum swing within 1 s
7const unsigned long CONFIRM_MS = 2000;   // koşul bu kadar kesintisiz sürmeli / condition must hold this long
8
9float baseline;
10int winMin = 1023, winMax = 0;
11bool flickering = false;
12unsigned long windowStart = 0;
13unsigned long candidateSince = 0;
14
15// 10 ms boyunca 20 ölçüm: 100 Hz lamba titreşimini siler / 20 samples over 10 ms: cancels 100 Hz lamp flicker
16int readFiltered() {
17  long sum = 0;
18  for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++) {
19    sum += analogRead(FLAME_AO);         // yaklaşık 0,11 ms sürer / takes about 0.11 ms
20    delayMicroseconds(390);
21  }
22  return sum / 20;
23}
24
25void setup() {
26  Serial.begin(9600);
27  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
28  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
29  baseline = readFiltered();             // açılışta ortamda alev olmamalı / no flame at start-up
30}
31
32void loop() {
33  int value = readFiltered();
34  int strength = (int)baseline - value;  // AO alevle artıyorsa: value - baseline / if AO rises with flame: value - baseline
35  unsigned long now = millis();
36
37  if (value < winMin) winMin = value;
38  if (value > winMax) winMax = value;
39
40  if (now - windowStart >= 1000) {       // her saniye pencereyi değerlendir / evaluate the window every second
41    int swing = winMax - winMin;
42    flickering = swing > FLICKER_LIMIT;  // alev titrer, güneş sabittir / flames flicker, sunlight is steady
43    if (strength < STRENGTH_LIMIT / 2) {
44      baseline += (value - baseline) * 0.05;  // ortam ışığını yavaşça izle / slowly follow ambient light
45    }
46    Serial.print(F("Guc / Strength: "));
47    Serial.print(strength);
48    Serial.print(F("  Dalgalanma / Swing: "));
49    Serial.println(swing);
50    winMin = 1023;
51    winMax = 0;
52    windowStart = now;
53  }
54
55  bool candidate = strength > STRENGTH_LIMIT && flickering;
56  if (!candidate) candidateSince = now;  // koşul bozulunca sayaç sıfırlanır / timer resets when the condition breaks
57  bool alarm = now - candidateSince >= CONFIRM_MS;
58
59  digitalWrite(LED, alarm ? HIGH : LOW);
60  digitalWrite(BUZZER, (alarm && (now / 200) % 2) ? HIGH : LOW);  // kesik siren / beeping siren
61}

1// Alev sensörü + MQ-2 ile iki kademeli yangın alarmı / Two-level fire alarm with a flame sensor + MQ-2
2const int FLAME_DO = 2;
3const int MQ2_AO = A1;                   // MQ-2 analog çıkışı / MQ-2 analog output
4const int BUZZER = 8;
5const int LED = 7;
6const int FLAME_ACTIVE = LOW;            // KY-026 kullanıyorsan HIGH / HIGH if you use a KY-026
7const int SMOKE_LIMIT = 400;             // temiz hava değerinin belirgin üstü / well above the clean-air value
8const unsigned long WARMUP_MS = 60000;   // MQ-2 ön ısıtma süresi / MQ-2 warm-up time
9const unsigned long HOLD_MS = 300;       // DO'daki kısa kesintileri yok say / ignore short gaps on DO
10
11unsigned long lastFlame = 0;
12unsigned long lastPrint = 0;
13
14void setup() {
15  Serial.begin(9600);
16  pinMode(FLAME_DO, INPUT);
17  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
18  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
19}
20
21void loop() {
22  unsigned long now = millis();
23  if (digitalRead(FLAME_DO) == FLAME_ACTIVE) lastFlame = now;
24  bool flame = lastFlame > 0 && now - lastFlame < HOLD_MS;
25
26  int gas = analogRead(MQ2_AO);
27  bool smoke = now > WARMUP_MS && gas > SMOKE_LIMIT;  // ısınana kadar dumanı yok say / ignore smoke until warmed up
28
29  int level = 0;                         // 0 normal, 1 uyarı / warning, 2 yangın / fire
30  if (flame && smoke) level = 2;
31  else if (flame || smoke) level = 1;
32
33  if (level == 2) {
34    digitalWrite(LED, HIGH);
35    digitalWrite(BUZZER, (now / 150) % 2 ? HIGH : LOW);     // hızlı siren / fast siren
36  } else if (level == 1) {
37    digitalWrite(LED, (now / 500) % 2 ? HIGH : LOW);        // yanıp sönen LED / blinking LED
38    digitalWrite(BUZZER, (now % 2000) < 100 ? HIGH : LOW);  // 2 sn'de bir kısa bip / short beep every 2 s
39  } else {
40    digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
41    digitalWrite(BUZZER, LOW);
42  }
43
44  if (now - lastPrint >= 1000) {
45    lastPrint = now;
46    Serial.print(F("Alev / Flame: "));
47    Serial.print(flame ? 1 : 0);
48    Serial.print(F("  MQ-2: "));
49    Serial.print(gas);
50    Serial.print(F("  Seviye / Level: "));
51    Serial.println(level);
52  }
53}

1// ESP32 alev alarmı + Telegram bildirimi / ESP32 flame alarm + Telegram notification
2#include <WiFi.h>
3#include <WiFiClientSecure.h>
4#include <UniversalTelegramBot.h>        // ArduinoJson kütüphanesi de gerekir / also needs the ArduinoJson library
5
6const char* WIFI_SSID = "WIFI_ADI";      // Wi-Fi ağının adı / your Wi-Fi name
7const char* WIFI_PASS = "WIFI_SIFRESI";  // Wi-Fi şifren / your Wi-Fi password
8#define BOT_TOKEN "1234567890:ABCdefGhIJKlmNoPQRstuVWXyz"  // BotFather'dan / from BotFather
9#define CHAT_ID "123456789"              // senin chat ID'n / your chat ID
10
11const int FLAME_DO = 27;                 // modülün DO pini / module DO pin
12const int BUZZER = 25;                   // aktif buzzer / active buzzer
13const int LED = 26;                      // kırmızı LED (220 Ω ile) / red LED (with 220 Ω)
14const int FLAME_ACTIVE = LOW;
15const unsigned long HOLD_MS = 300;       // DO'daki kısa kesintileri yok say / ignore short gaps on DO
16const unsigned long CONFIRM_MS = 1500;   // alev bu kadar sürmeli / flame must last this long
17const unsigned long COOLDOWN_MS = 60000; // iki mesaj arası en az 1 dk / at least 1 min between messages
18
19WiFiClientSecure client;
20UniversalTelegramBot bot(BOT_TOKEN, client);
21
22unsigned long lastFlame = 0;
23unsigned long flameStart = 0;
24unsigned long lastMessage = 0;
25bool messageSent = false;
26
27void setup() {
28  Serial.begin(115200);
29  pinMode(FLAME_DO, INPUT);
30  pinMode(BUZZER, OUTPUT);
31  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
32
33  WiFi.mode(WIFI_STA);
34  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS);
35  client.setCACert(TELEGRAM_CERTIFICATE_ROOT);  // api.telegram.org kök sertifikası / root certificate
36  unsigned long start = millis();
37  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED && millis() - start < 15000) {  // en fazla 15 sn bekle / wait up to 15 s
38    delay(500);
39    Serial.print(".");
40  }
41  if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
42    Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());
43    bot.sendMessage(CHAT_ID, "Yangin alarmi devrede / Fire alarm is online", "");
44  }
45}
46
47void loop() {
48  unsigned long now = millis();
49  if (digitalRead(FLAME_DO) == FLAME_ACTIVE) lastFlame = now;
50  bool flame = lastFlame > 0 && now - lastFlame < HOLD_MS;
51  if (!flame) flameStart = now;          // alev yoksa sayaç sıfırlanır / timer resets without flame
52  bool alarm = now - flameStart >= CONFIRM_MS;
53
54  digitalWrite(LED, alarm ? HIGH : LOW);
55  digitalWrite(BUZZER, (alarm && (now / 200) % 2) ? HIGH : LOW);  // kesik siren / beeping siren
56
57  if (alarm && (!messageSent || now - lastMessage >= COOLDOWN_MS)) {
58    if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
59      bool ok = bot.sendMessage(CHAT_ID, "ALEV ALGILANDI! / FLAME DETECTED!", "");
60      Serial.println(ok ? "Mesaj gitti / Message sent" : "Gonderilemedi / Send failed");
61    } else {
62      WiFi.reconnect();                  // bağlantı koptuysa yeniden dene / reconnect if the link dropped
63    }
64    lastMessage = now;                   // başarısızsa 1 dk sonra yeniden dener / retries after 1 min if it failed
65    messageSent = true;
66  }
67  delay(10);
68}

1# Raspberry Pi Pico alev alarmı / Raspberry Pi Pico flame alarm
2from machine import Pin, ADC
3import time
4
5flame_do = Pin(15, Pin.IN)      # modülün DO pini / module DO pin
6flame_ao = ADC(26)              # GP26 = ADC0, 4 pinli modülde AO / AO on the 4-pin module
7buzzer = Pin(14, Pin.OUT)       # aktif buzzer / active buzzer
8led = Pin(13, Pin.OUT)          # kırmızı LED (220 Ω ile) / red LED (with 220 Ω)
9
10FLAME_ACTIVE = 0                # çoğu modülde alev = 0, KY-026'da 1 / most modules: flame = 0, KY-026: 1
11HOLD_MS = 300                   # DO'daki kısa kesintileri yok say / ignore short gaps on DO
12CONFIRM_MS = 1500               # alev bu kadar sürmeli / flame must last this long
13
14last_flame = None
15flame_start = time.ticks_ms()
16last_print = time.ticks_ms()
17
18while True:
19    now = time.ticks_ms()
20    if flame_do.value() == FLAME_ACTIVE:
21        last_flame = now
22    flame = last_flame is not None and time.ticks_diff(now, last_flame) < HOLD_MS
23    if not flame:
24        flame_start = now       # alev yoksa sayaç sıfırlanır / timer resets without flame
25    alarm = time.ticks_diff(now, flame_start) >= CONFIRM_MS
26
27    led.value(1 if alarm else 0)
28    buzzer.value(1 if alarm and (now // 200) % 2 else 0)   # kesik siren / beeping siren
29
30    if time.ticks_diff(now, last_print) >= 500:   # yarım saniyede bir yaz / print every half second
31        last_print = now
32        print(flame_ao.read_u16(), "ALARM" if alarm else "-")
33    time.sleep_ms(10)