ArduinoのRTCモジュール：DS3231・DS1307・DS1302の違いと時刻・アラーム

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include <RTClib.h>
3
4RTC_DS3231 rtc;   // DS1307 kullanıyorsan: RTC_DS1307 rtc; / for a DS1307: RTC_DS1307 rtc;
5
6void setup() {
7  Serial.begin(9600);
8  if (!rtc.begin()) {                         // modül I2C hattında yok / module not found on the I2C bus
9    Serial.println(F("RTC bulunamadi / RTC not found"));
10    while (true);
11  }
12  if (rtc.lostPower()) {                      // ilk çalıştırma ya da pil bitmiş / first run or dead battery
13    rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));   // derleme saatini yaz / write the compile time
14    Serial.println(F("Saat derleme zamanina ayarlandi / Clock set to compile time"));
15  }
16  Serial.println(F("Ayar icin yaz / To set, type: 2026-11-03 14:30:00"));
17}
18
19void loop() {
20  // Seri monitörden saat geldiyse ayarla / set the time sent from the Serial Monitor
21  if (Serial.available()) {
22    String line = Serial.readStringUntil('\n');
23    int y, mo, d, h, mi, s;
24    if (sscanf(line.c_str(), "%d-%d-%d %d:%d:%d", &y, &mo, &d, &h, &mi, &s) == 6) {
25      rtc.adjust(DateTime(y, mo, d, h, mi, s));
26      Serial.println(F("Saat ayarlandi / Time set"));
27    }
28  }
29
30  DateTime now = rtc.now();
31  char buf[] = "DD.MM.YYYY hh:mm:ss";         // biçim şablonu / format template
32  Serial.print(now.toString(buf));
33  Serial.print(F("  "));
34  Serial.print(rtc.getTemperature());         // yalnız DS3231 / DS3231 only
35  Serial.println(F(" C"));
36  delay(1000);
37}

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include <RTClib.h>
3#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
4
5RTC_DS3231 rtc;
6LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);           // adres 0x27 ya da 0x3F / address 0x27 or 0x3F
7
8// dayOfTheWeek(): 0 = Pazar / 0 = Sunday
9const char* const days[7] = {"Paz", "Pzt", "Sal", "Car", "Per", "Cum", "Cmt"};
10int lastSecond = -1;
11
12void setup() {
13  lcd.init();
14  lcd.backlight();
15  if (!rtc.begin()) {
16    lcd.print("RTC yok!");                     // modül bulunamadı / module not found
17    while (true);
18  }
19  if (rtc.lostPower()) rtc.adjust(DateTime(F(__DATE__), F(__TIME__)));
20}
21
22void loop() {
23  DateTime now = rtc.now();
24  if (now.second() == lastSecond) return;      // saniye değişmediyse yazma / skip until the second changes
25  lastSecond = now.second();
26
27  char line1[17], line2[17];
28  snprintf(line1, sizeof(line1), "%02d.%02d.%04d %s",
29           now.day(), now.month(), now.year(), days[now.dayOfTheWeek()]);
30  snprintf(line2, sizeof(line2), "%02d:%02d:%02d   %2dC",
31           now.hour(), now.minute(), now.second(), (int)rtc.getTemperature());
32  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
33  lcd.print(line1);                            // ör. / e.g. 03.11.2026 Sal
34  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
35  lcd.print(line2);                            // ör. / e.g. 14:05:09   23C
36}

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include <RTClib.h>
3
4RTC_DS3231 rtc;
5
6const byte RELAY_PIN = 7;
7const byte RELAY_ON = LOW;                    // çoğu röle modülü LOW ile çeker / most relay modules switch on LOW
8const byte RELAY_OFF = HIGH;
9const unsigned long RUN_MS = 10000;           // pompa 10 saniye çalışır / the pump runs for 10 seconds
10
11struct Task { byte hour; byte minute; };
12Task tasks[] = { {8, 0}, {19, 30} };          // her gün 08:00 ve 19:30 / every day at 08:00 and 19:30
13const byte TASK_COUNT = sizeof(tasks) / sizeof(tasks[0]);
14
15long lastRunKey = -1;                         // aynı dakikada ikinci kez çalışmasın / never run twice in one minute
16bool running = false;
17unsigned long startMs = 0;
18
19void setup() {
20  pinMode(RELAY_PIN, OUTPUT);
21  digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, RELAY_OFF);         // açılışta kapalı / off at start-up
22  rtc.begin();
23}
24
25void loop() {
26  DateTime now = rtc.now();
27  long key = (long)now.day() * 1440 + now.hour() * 60 + now.minute();   // gün + dakika / day + minute
28
29  for (byte i = 0; i < TASK_COUNT; i++) {
30    if (now.hour() == tasks[i].hour && now.minute() == tasks[i].minute && key != lastRunKey) {
31      lastRunKey = key;
32      running = true;
33      startMs = millis();
34      digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, RELAY_ON);      // pompayı aç / pump on
35    }
36  }
37
38  if (running && millis() - startMs >= RUN_MS) {
39    running = false;
40    digitalWrite(RELAY_PIN, RELAY_OFF);       // pompayı kapat / pump off
41  }
42  delay(200);
43}

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include <RTClib.h>
3
4RTC_DS3231 rtc;
5const byte ALARM_PIN = 2;                     // DS3231 SQW/INT -> D2 (kesme pini / interrupt pin)
6volatile bool alarmFlag = false;
7
8void onAlarm() {                              // kesme fonksiyonu kısa olmalı / keep the ISR short
9  alarmFlag = true;
10}
11
12void setup() {
13  Serial.begin(9600);
14  rtc.begin();
15  rtc.disable32K();                           // 32K çıkışını kapat / turn off the 32K output
16  rtc.writeSqwPinMode(DS3231_OFF);            // SQW pini alarm çıkışı olur / SQW becomes the alarm output
17  rtc.clearAlarm(1);
18  rtc.clearAlarm(2);
19  rtc.disableAlarm(2);
20
21  // Her gün 07:30:00; tarih kısmı yok sayılır / every day at 07:30:00; the date part is ignored
22  rtc.setAlarm1(DateTime(2026, 1, 1, 7, 30, 0), DS3231_A1_Hour);
23
24  pinMode(ALARM_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);           // INT çıkışı open-drain / INT is an open-drain output
25  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(ALARM_PIN), onAlarm, FALLING);
26}
27
28void loop() {
29  if (alarmFlag) {
30    alarmFlag = false;
31    rtc.clearAlarm(1);                        // temizlenmezse pin LOW kalır / the pin stays LOW until cleared
32    Serial.println(F("Alarm: mama vakti / Feeding time"));
33    // Servo, röle ya da buzzer kodunu buraya yaz / put your servo, relay or buzzer code here
34  }
35}

1#include <RtcDS1302.h>
2
3ThreeWire myWire(4, 5, 2);                    // DAT, CLK, RST pinleri / DAT, CLK, RST pins
4RtcDS1302<ThreeWire> rtc(myWire);
5
6void setup() {
7  Serial.begin(9600);
8  rtc.Begin();
9  if (rtc.GetIsWriteProtected()) rtc.SetIsWriteProtected(false);   // yazma korumasını kaldır / remove write protection
10  if (!rtc.GetIsRunning()) rtc.SetIsRunning(true);                  // saati başlat / start the clock
11
12  RtcDateTime compiled(__DATE__, __TIME__);
13  if (!rtc.IsDateTimeValid() || rtc.GetDateTime() < compiled) {
14    rtc.SetDateTime(compiled);                                      // derleme saatine ayarla / set to compile time
15  }
16}
17
18void loop() {
19  RtcDateTime now = rtc.GetDateTime();
20  char buf[20];
21  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%02u.%02u.%04u %02u:%02u:%02u",
22           now.Day(), now.Month(), now.Year(), now.Hour(), now.Minute(), now.Second());
23  Serial.println(buf);
24  delay(1000);
25}

1#include <WiFi.h>
2#include <Wire.h>
3#include <RTClib.h>
4#include <time.h>
5
6const char* WIFI_SSID = "AgAdin";             // Wi-Fi ağ adı / Wi-Fi network name
7const char* WIFI_PASS = "Sifren";             // Wi-Fi şifresi / Wi-Fi password
8// Türkiye: UTC+3, yaz saati yok / Turkey: UTC+3, no daylight saving
9// Orta Avrupa / Central Europe: "CET-1CEST,M3.5.0,M10.5.0/3"
10const char* TZ_INFO = "<+03>-3";
11
12RTC_DS3231 rtc;
13unsigned long lastSync = 0;
14
15void syncFromNtp() {
16  struct tm t;
17  if (getLocalTime(&t, 10000)) {              // en fazla 10 sn bekle / wait up to 10 s
18    rtc.adjust(DateTime(t.tm_year + 1900, t.tm_mon + 1, t.tm_mday, t.tm_hour, t.tm_min, t.tm_sec));
19    Serial.println("DS3231 NTP ile ayarlandi / DS3231 synced from NTP");
20  }
21  lastSync = millis();
22}
23
24void setup() {
25  Serial.begin(115200);
26  Wire.begin(21, 22);                         // SDA, SCL pinleri / SDA, SCL pins
27  rtc.begin();
28
29  WiFi.begin(WIFI_SSID, WIFI_PASS);
30  unsigned long start = millis();
31  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED && millis() - start < 15000) delay(250);
32
33  if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED) {
34    configTzTime(TZ_INFO, "pool.ntp.org", "time.google.com");
35    syncFromNtp();
36  } else {
37    Serial.println("Wi-Fi yok, DS3231 saati kullaniliyor / No Wi-Fi, using the DS3231");
38  }
39}
40
41void loop() {
42  DateTime now = rtc.now();
43  char buf[] = "DD.MM.YYYY hh:mm:ss";
44  Serial.println(now.toString(buf));
45
46  if (WiFi.status() == WL_CONNECTED && millis() - lastSync > 86400000UL) {
47    syncFromNtp();                            // günde bir kez eşitle / sync once a day
48  }
49  delay(1000);
50}

1from machine import Pin, I2C, RTC
2import time
3
4i2c = I2C(0, sda=Pin(4), scl=Pin(5), freq=100000)
5DS_ADDR = 0x68                                  # DS3231 ve DS1307 adresi / DS3231 and DS1307 address
6
7def bcd2dec(b):
8    return (b >> 4) * 10 + (b & 0x0F)
9
10def dec2bcd(d):
11    return ((d // 10) << 4) | (d % 10)
12
13def ds_read():
14    b = i2c.readfrom_mem(DS_ADDR, 0x00, 7)      # saniyeden yıla 7 kayıt / 7 registers, seconds to year
15    return (2000 + bcd2dec(b[6]), bcd2dec(b[5] & 0x1F), bcd2dec(b[4] & 0x3F),
16            bcd2dec(b[2] & 0x3F), bcd2dec(b[1] & 0x7F), bcd2dec(b[0] & 0x7F))
17
18def ds_write(y, mo, d, h, mi, s):
19    # 24 saat biçiminde yazar; 4. bayt haftanın günü (1-7) / writes 24-hour time; 4th byte is day of week (1-7)
20    i2c.writeto_mem(DS_ADDR, 0x00, bytes([dec2bcd(s), dec2bcd(mi), dec2bcd(h), 1,
21                                          dec2bcd(d), dec2bcd(mo), dec2bcd(y - 2000)]))
22
23# İlk kurulumda bir kez çalıştır, sonra satırı sil / run once on first setup, then delete the line
24# ds_write(2026, 11, 3, 14, 30, 0)
25
26y, mo, d, h, mi, s = ds_read()
27RTC().datetime((y, mo, d, 0, h, mi, s, 0))     # dahili RTC'yi ayarla / set the internal RTC
28
29while True:
30    t = time.localtime()                        # artık dahili RTC'den okunur / now read from the internal RTC
31    print("{:02d}.{:02d}.{} {:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d}".format(t[2], t[1], t[0], t[3], t[4], t[5]))
32    time.sleep(1)