Arduinoスマート温室プロジェクト：センサー、水やり、ファン、コード

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
3#include <DHT.h>
4
5// Pinler / Pins
6const byte DHT_PIN = 2, FLOAT_PIN = 3, PUMP_RELAY = 4, FAN_RELAY = 7, HEATER_RELAY = 8;
7const byte LED_PIN = 9;                          // MOSFET gate (PWM)
8const byte SOIL_PIN = A0, LDR_PIN = A1;
9
10// Kalibrasyon: kendi ölçümlerini yaz / Calibration: write your own readings
11const int SOIL_DRY_RAW = 520, SOIL_WET_RAW = 260;   // havada ve suda / in air and in water
12const int LDR_DARK_RAW = 60, LDR_BRIGHT_RAW = 900;  // karanlık ve güneş / dark and sunlight
13
14// Eşikler (açma, kapama) / Thresholds (on, off)
15const float FAN_ON_C = 30, FAN_OFF_C = 27;       // sıcaklıkta fan / fan on heat
16const float HUM_ON = 85, HUM_OFF = 75;           // nemde fan / fan on humidity
17const float HEAT_ON_C = 16, HEAT_OFF_C = 19;     // ısıtıcı / heater
18const float SOIL_DRY = 35, SOIL_OK = 50;         // sulama başla, dur / start, stop watering
19const float DARK_ON = 25, DARK_OFF = 35;         // ışık % / light %
20
21// Zamanlar / Timing
22const unsigned long READ_MS = 2500;              // DHT22: en az 2 sn / at least 2 s
23const unsigned long PUMP_MS = 3000;              // tek sulama darbesi / one watering pulse
24const unsigned long SOAK_MS = 60000;             // suyun yayılması / let the water soak in
25const byte MAX_PULSES = 6;                       // fazlası arıza / more means a fault
26const unsigned long EXTRA_LIGHT_MS = 4UL * 3600000UL;  // günü 4 saat uzat / extend the day by 4 h
27const byte LED_LEVEL = 200;                      // LED parlaklığı 0-255 / LED brightness 0-255
28const byte RELAY_ON = LOW, RELAY_OFF = HIGH;     // aktif LOW röle / active-LOW relay
29const byte TANK_OK = LOW;                        // şamandıra suyla kapanır / float closes with water
30
31DHT dht(DHT_PIN, DHT22);
32LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);
33
34float tempC = NAN, hum = NAN, soil = 0, light = 0;
35byte dhtErrors = 0, pulses = 0, page = 0;
36bool fanByTemp = false, fanByHum = false, fanOn = false, heaterOn = false;
37bool needWater = false, pumpFault = false, isDark = false, ledOn = false, tankOk = true;
38unsigned long lastRead = 0, lastLcd = 0, lastLog = 0, pumpAt = 0, darkSince = 0;
39
40enum PumpState { IDLE, PUMPING, SOAKING };
41PumpState pumpState = IDLE;
42
43// onAt > offAt: yükselince aç (fan) / turn on when rising (fan)
44// onAt < offAt: düşünce aç (ısıtıcı) / turn on when falling (heater)
45bool hysteresis(bool state, float value, float onAt, float offAt) {
46  if (onAt > offAt) {
47    if (value >= onAt) return true;
48    if (value <= offAt) return false;
49  } else {
50    if (value <= onAt) return true;
51    if (value >= offAt) return false;
52  }
53  return state;                                  // ölü bölgede durumu koru / keep state in the dead band
54}
55
56void setRelay(byte pin, bool on) {
57  digitalWrite(pin, on ? RELAY_ON : RELAY_OFF);
58}
59
60float readPercent(byte pin, int raw0, int raw100) {
61  long sum = 0;
62  for (byte i = 0; i < 10; i++) sum += analogRead(pin);   // 10 ölçüm ortalaması / average of 10
63  long pct = map(sum / 10, raw0, raw100, 0, 100);
64  return constrain(pct, 0, 100);
65}
66
67void setup() {
68  Serial.begin(9600);
69  setRelay(PUMP_RELAY, false);   pinMode(PUMP_RELAY, OUTPUT);    // açılışta kapalı / off at boot
70  setRelay(FAN_RELAY, false);    pinMode(FAN_RELAY, OUTPUT);
71  setRelay(HEATER_RELAY, false); pinMode(HEATER_RELAY, OUTPUT);
72  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
73  pinMode(FLOAT_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
74  dht.begin();
75  lcd.init();
76  lcd.backlight();
77  lcd.print(F("BlueGrays Sera"));
78  Serial.println(F("sn,sicaklik,nem,toprak,isik,fan,isitici,pompa,led"));  // CSV başlığı / CSV header
79  delay(2000);                                   // DHT22 açılış süresi / DHT22 start-up time
80  readSensors();
81  lastRead = millis();
82}
83
84void loop() {
85  unsigned long now = millis();
86  if (now - lastRead >= READ_MS) {
87    lastRead = now;
88    readSensors();
89  }
90  controlClimate();
91  controlLight(now);
92  controlPump(now);
93  updateLcd(now);
94  logCsv(now);
95}
96
97// 1) Ölç / Measure
98void readSensors() {
99  float t = dht.readTemperature();
100  float h = dht.readHumidity();
101  if (isnan(t) || isnan(h)) {
102    if (dhtErrors < 255) dhtErrors++;            // okuma hatası / read error
103  } else {
104    tempC = t;
105    hum = h;
106    dhtErrors = 0;
107  }
108  soil = readPercent(SOIL_PIN, SOIL_DRY_RAW, SOIL_WET_RAW);
109  light = readPercent(LDR_PIN, LDR_DARK_RAW, LDR_BRIGHT_RAW);
110  tankOk = digitalRead(FLOAT_PIN) == TANK_OK;
111}
112
113// 2) Fan ve ısıtıcı / Fan and heater
114void controlClimate() {
115  if (dhtErrors >= 3) {                          // sensör yok: güvenli durum / no sensor: safe state
116    heaterOn = false;
117    fanByTemp = true;
118  } else {
119    fanByTemp = hysteresis(fanByTemp, tempC, FAN_ON_C, FAN_OFF_C);
120    fanByHum = hysteresis(fanByHum, hum, HUM_ON, HUM_OFF);
121    heaterOn = hysteresis(heaterOn, tempC, HEAT_ON_C, HEAT_OFF_C);
122  }
123  fanOn = fanByTemp || fanByHum;
124  setRelay(FAN_RELAY, fanOn);
125  setRelay(HEATER_RELAY, heaterOn);
126}
127
128// 3) LED aydınlatma / LED grow light
129void controlLight(unsigned long now) {
130  bool wasDark = isDark;
131  isDark = hysteresis(isDark, light, DARK_ON, DARK_OFF);
132  if (isDark && !wasDark) darkSince = now;      // akşam oldu / dusk detected
133  ledOn = isDark && (now - darkSince < EXTRA_LIGHT_MS);
134  analogWrite(LED_PIN, ledOn ? LED_LEVEL : 0);
135}
136
137// 4) Sulama: darbe + bekleme / Watering: pulse + soak
138void controlPump(unsigned long now) {
139  needWater = hysteresis(needWater, soil, SOIL_DRY, SOIL_OK);
140  if (!needWater) {
141    pulses = 0;
142    pumpFault = false;                           // toprak ıslandı / soil is wet again
143  }
144  switch (pumpState) {
145    case IDLE:
146      if (needWater && tankOk && !pumpFault) {
147        if (pulses >= MAX_PULSES) {
148          pumpFault = true;                      // nem yükselmiyor / moisture is not rising
149        } else {
150          pumpState = PUMPING;
151          pumpAt = now;
152          pulses++;
153        }
154      }
155      break;
156    case PUMPING:
157      if (now - pumpAt >= PUMP_MS || !tankOk) {
158        pumpState = SOAKING;
159        pumpAt = now;
160      }
161      break;
162    case SOAKING:
163      if (now - pumpAt >= SOAK_MS) pumpState = IDLE;
164      break;
165  }
166  setRelay(PUMP_RELAY, pumpState == PUMPING);
167}
168
169// 5) LCD: üç sayfa / three pages
170void updateLcd(unsigned long now) {
171  if (now - lastLcd < 3000) return;
172  lastLcd = now;
173  page = (page + 1) % 3;
174  lcd.clear();
175  if (page == 0) {
176    lcd.print(F("Sicaklik: "));
177    if (isnan(tempC)) lcd.print(F("--")); else lcd.print(tempC, 1);
178    lcd.print('C');
179    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
180    lcd.print(F("Hava nemi: %"));
181    if (isnan(hum)) lcd.print(F("--")); else lcd.print(hum, 0);
182  } else if (page == 1) {
183    lcd.print(F("Toprak: %"));
184    lcd.print(soil, 0);
185    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
186    lcd.print(F("Isik: %"));
187    lcd.print(light, 0);
188  } else {
189    lcd.print(F("F:"));  lcd.print(fanOn);
190    lcd.print(F(" I:")); lcd.print(heaterOn);
191    lcd.print(F(" P:")); lcd.print(pumpState == PUMPING);
192    lcd.print(F(" L:")); lcd.print(ledOn);
193    lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
194    if (dhtErrors >= 3) lcd.print(F("Sensor hatasi"));
195    else if (!tankOk) lcd.print(F("Depo bos!"));
196    else if (pumpFault) lcd.print(F("Sulama hatasi"));
197    else lcd.print(F("Sistem normal"));
198  }
199}
200
201// 6) Seri port CSV kaydı / Serial CSV log
202void logCsv(unsigned long now) {
203  if (now - lastLog < 10000) return;
204  lastLog = now;
205  Serial.print(now / 1000);  Serial.print(',');
206  Serial.print(tempC, 1);    Serial.print(',');
207  Serial.print(hum, 0);      Serial.print(',');
208  Serial.print(soil, 0);     Serial.print(',');
209  Serial.print(light, 0);    Serial.print(',');
210  Serial.print(fanOn);       Serial.print(',');
211  Serial.print(heaterOn);    Serial.print(',');
212  Serial.print(pumpState == PUMPING); Serial.print(',');
213  Serial.println(ledOn);
214}

1#include <WiFi.h>
2#include <WebServer.h>
3#include <DHT.h>
4#include <time.h>
5
6const char* ssid = "AgAdi";                      // Wi-Fi adın / your Wi-Fi name
7const char* password = "Sifre123";               // Wi-Fi şifren / your Wi-Fi password
8
9// Pinler / Pins
10const int DHT_PIN = 4, FLOAT_PIN = 13, PUMP_RELAY = 25, FAN_RELAY = 26, HEATER_RELAY = 27;
11const int LED_PIN = 18;                          // MOSFET gate (PWM)
12const int SOIL_PIN = 34, LDR_PIN = 35;           // ADC1: Wi-Fi açıkken çalışır / works with Wi-Fi on
13
14// Kalibrasyon (0-4095): kendin ölç / Calibration (0-4095): measure your own
15const int SOIL_DRY_RAW = 2800, SOIL_WET_RAW = 1200;
16const int LDR_DARK_RAW = 200, LDR_BRIGHT_RAW = 3800;
17
18// Eşikler (açma, kapama) / Thresholds (on, off)
19const float FAN_ON_C = 30, FAN_OFF_C = 27, HUM_ON = 85, HUM_OFF = 75;
20const float HEAT_ON_C = 16, HEAT_OFF_C = 19, SOIL_DRY = 35, SOIL_OK = 50;
21const float DARK_ON = 25, DARK_OFF = 35;
22const int LIGHT_FROM = 6, LIGHT_TO = 20;         // LED yalnız 06:00-20:00 / LEDs only 06:00-20:00
23
24const unsigned long READ_MS = 2500, PUMP_MS = 3000, SOAK_MS = 60000;
25const unsigned long EXTRA_LIGHT_MS = 4UL * 3600000UL;  // saat yoksa yedek kural / fallback without a clock
26const int MAX_PULSES = 6, LED_LEVEL = 200;
27const int RELAY_ON = LOW, RELAY_OFF = HIGH;      // aktif LOW röle / active-LOW relay
28const int TANK_OK = LOW;                         // şamandıra suyla kapanır / float closes with water
29
30DHT dht(DHT_PIN, DHT22);
31WebServer server(80);
32
33float tempC = NAN, hum = NAN, soil = 0, light = 0;
34int dhtErrors = 0, pulses = 0;
35bool fanByTemp = false, fanByHum = false, fanOn = false, heaterOn = false;
36bool needWater = false, pumpFault = false, isDark = false, ledOn = false, tankOk = true;
37unsigned long lastRead = 0, pumpAt = 0, darkSince = 0;
38
39enum PumpState { IDLE, PUMPING, SOAKING };
40PumpState pumpState = IDLE;
41
42bool hysteresis(bool state, float value, float onAt, float offAt) {
43  if (onAt > offAt) {                            // yükselince aç / turn on when rising
44    if (value >= onAt) return true;
45    if (value <= offAt) return false;
46  } else {                                       // düşünce aç / turn on when falling
47    if (value <= onAt) return true;
48    if (value >= offAt) return false;
49  }
50  return state;
51}
52
53void setRelay(int pin, bool on) {
54  digitalWrite(pin, on ? RELAY_ON : RELAY_OFF);
55}
56
57float readPercent(int pin, int raw0, int raw100) {
58  long sum = 0;
59  for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) sum += analogRead(pin);    // 16 ölçüm ortalaması / average of 16
60  long pct = map(sum / 16, raw0, raw100, 0, 100);
61  return constrain(pct, 0, 100);
62}
63
64int hourNow() {
65  struct tm t;
66  if (!getLocalTime(&t, 0)) return -1;           // saat henüz yok / time not set yet
67  return t.tm_hour;
68}
69
70void readSensors() {
71  float t = dht.readTemperature();
72  float h = dht.readHumidity();
73  if (isnan(t) || isnan(h)) {
74    dhtErrors++;
75  } else {
76    tempC = t;
77    hum = h;
78    dhtErrors = 0;
79  }
80  soil = readPercent(SOIL_PIN, SOIL_DRY_RAW, SOIL_WET_RAW);
81  light = readPercent(LDR_PIN, LDR_DARK_RAW, LDR_BRIGHT_RAW);
82  tankOk = digitalRead(FLOAT_PIN) == TANK_OK;
83}
84
85void controlClimate() {
86  if (dhtErrors >= 3) {                          // sensör yok: güvenli durum / no sensor: safe state
87    heaterOn = false;
88    fanByTemp = true;
89  } else {
90    fanByTemp = hysteresis(fanByTemp, tempC, FAN_ON_C, FAN_OFF_C);
91    fanByHum = hysteresis(fanByHum, hum, HUM_ON, HUM_OFF);
92    heaterOn = hysteresis(heaterOn, tempC, HEAT_ON_C, HEAT_OFF_C);
93  }
94  fanOn = fanByTemp || fanByHum;
95  setRelay(FAN_RELAY, fanOn);
96  setRelay(HEATER_RELAY, heaterOn);
97}
98
99void controlLight(unsigned long now) {
100  bool wasDark = isDark;
101  isDark = hysteresis(isDark, light, DARK_ON, DARK_OFF);
102  if (isDark && !wasDark) darkSince = now;
103  int h = hourNow();
104  if (h >= 0) ledOn = isDark && h >= LIGHT_FROM && h < LIGHT_TO;   // saat kuralı / clock rule
105  else ledOn = isDark && (now - darkSince < EXTRA_LIGHT_MS);       // yedek kural / fallback rule
106  analogWrite(LED_PIN, ledOn ? LED_LEVEL : 0);
107}
108
109void controlPump(unsigned long now) {
110  needWater = hysteresis(needWater, soil, SOIL_DRY, SOIL_OK);
111  if (!needWater) {
112    pulses = 0;
113    pumpFault = false;
114  }
115  if (pumpState == IDLE && needWater && tankOk && !pumpFault) {
116    if (pulses >= MAX_PULSES) {
117      pumpFault = true;                          // nem yükselmiyor / moisture is not rising
118    } else {
119      pumpState = PUMPING;
120      pumpAt = now;
121      pulses++;
122    }
123  } else if (pumpState == PUMPING && (now - pumpAt >= PUMP_MS || !tankOk)) {
124    pumpState = SOAKING;
125    pumpAt = now;
126  } else if (pumpState == SOAKING && now - pumpAt >= SOAK_MS) {
127    pumpState = IDLE;
128  }
129  setRelay(PUMP_RELAY, pumpState == PUMPING);
130}
131
132String row(const char* name, const String& value) {
133  return String("<tr><td>") + name + "</td><td><b>" + value + "</b></td></tr>";
134}
135
136String onOff(bool on) {
137  return on ? "ON" : "OFF";
138}
139
140void handleRoot() {
141  String html = "<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><meta charset='utf-8'>"
142                "<meta name='viewport' content='width=device-width,initial-scale=1'>"
143                "<meta http-equiv='refresh' content='10'><title>BlueGrays Sera</title>"
144                "<style>body{font-family:sans-serif;max-width:420px;margin:auto;padding:12px}"
145                "td{padding:8px;border-bottom:1px solid #ddd}"
146                "a{display:block;margin-top:16px;padding:16px;border-radius:10px;background:#2e7d32;"
147                "color:#fff;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;font-size:18px}</style>"
148                "</head><body><h2>BlueGrays Sera</h2><table>";
149  html += row("Sıcaklık / Temperature", String(tempC, 1) + " °C");
150  html += row("Hava nemi / Humidity", "%" + String(hum, 0));
151  html += row("Toprak nemi / Soil", "%" + String(soil, 0));
152  html += row("Işık / Light", "%" + String(light, 0));
153  html += row("Fan", onOff(fanOn));
154  html += row("Isıtıcı / Heater", onOff(heaterOn));
155  html += row("Pompa / Pump", onOff(pumpState == PUMPING));
156  html += row("LED", onOff(ledOn));
157  html += row("Depo / Tank", tankOk ? "OK" : "BOŞ / EMPTY");
158  if (pumpFault) html += row("Uyarı / Warning", "Sulama hatası / Watering fault");
159  html += "</table><a href='/water'>Şimdi sula / Water now</a></body></html>";
160  server.send(200, "text/html", html);
161}
162
163void handleWater() {                             // elle tek darbe / one manual pulse
164  if (pumpState == IDLE && tankOk) {
165    pumpState = PUMPING;
166    pumpAt = millis();
167  }
168  server.sendHeader("Location", "/");
169  server.send(303);
170}
171
172void setup() {
173  Serial.begin(115200);
174  setRelay(PUMP_RELAY, false);   pinMode(PUMP_RELAY, OUTPUT);
175  setRelay(FAN_RELAY, false);    pinMode(FAN_RELAY, OUTPUT);
176  setRelay(HEATER_RELAY, false); pinMode(HEATER_RELAY, OUTPUT);
177  pinMode(LED_PIN, OUTPUT);
178  pinMode(FLOAT_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
179  dht.begin();
180  WiFi.begin(ssid, password);
181  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
182    delay(500);
183    Serial.print('.');
184  }
185  Serial.println();
186  Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());                // bu adresi telefonda aç / open this address on your phone
187  configTime(3 * 3600, 0, "pool.ntp.org");       // Türkiye UTC+3; kendi saat dilimini yaz / set your own time zone
188  server.on("/", handleRoot);
189  server.on("/water", handleWater);
190  server.begin();
191  readSensors();
192  lastRead = millis();
193}
194
195void loop() {
196  server.handleClient();
197  unsigned long now = millis();
198  if (now - lastRead >= READ_MS) {
199    lastRead = now;
200    readSensors();
201  }
202  controlClimate();
203  controlLight(now);
204  controlPump(now);
205}

1from machine import Pin, ADC, PWM
2import dht
3import time
4
5sensor = dht.DHT22(Pin(15))              # GP15: DHT22 DATA
6soil_adc = ADC(26)                       # GP26: toprak nem AOUT / soil moisture AOUT
7ldr_adc = ADC(27)                        # GP27: LDR bölücü (3V3) / LDR divider (3V3)
8tank = Pin(14, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)      # şamandıra: suyla 0 / float switch: 0 with water
9fan = Pin(16, Pin.OUT, value=1)          # aktif LOW röleler kapalı başlar / active-LOW relays start off
10heater = Pin(17, Pin.OUT, value=1)
11pump = Pin(18, Pin.OUT, value=1)
12led = PWM(Pin(19))                       # MOSFET gate
13led.freq(1000)
14
15SOIL_DRY_RAW, SOIL_WET_RAW = 50000, 22000    # kendin ölç / measure your own
16LDR_DARK_RAW, LDR_BRIGHT_RAW = 2000, 60000
17EXTRA_LIGHT_MS = 4 * 3600 * 1000             # günü 4 saat uzat / extend the day by 4 h
18
19
20def percent(adc, raw0, raw100):
21    raw = sum(adc.read_u16() for _ in range(10)) // 10
22    pct = (raw - raw0) * 100 // (raw100 - raw0)
23    return max(0, min(100, pct))
24
25
26def hysteresis(state, value, on_at, off_at):
27    if on_at > off_at:                   # yükselince aç / turn on when rising
28        if value >= on_at:
29            return True
30        if value <= off_at:
31            return False
32    else:                                # düşünce aç / turn on when falling
33        if value <= on_at:
34            return True
35        if value >= off_at:
36            return False
37    return state                         # ölü bölge / dead band
38
39
40def relay(pin, on):
41    pin.value(0 if on else 1)
42
43
44t = h = None
45errors = pulses = 0
46fan_t = fan_h = heat_on = need_water = dark = led_on = False
47pump_state, pump_at, dark_since = "idle", 0, 0
48soil = light = 0
49tank_ok = True
50time.sleep(2)                            # DHT22 açılış süresi / DHT22 start-up time
51last_read = time.ticks_add(time.ticks_ms(), -2500)
52
53while True:
54    now = time.ticks_ms()
55    if time.ticks_diff(now, last_read) >= 2500:      # 2,5 sn'de bir ölç / measure every 2.5 s
56        last_read = now
57        try:
58            sensor.measure()
59            t, h = sensor.temperature(), sensor.humidity()
60            errors = 0
61        except OSError:
62            errors += 1                  # okuma hatası / read error
63        soil = percent(soil_adc, SOIL_DRY_RAW, SOIL_WET_RAW)
64        light = percent(ldr_adc, LDR_DARK_RAW, LDR_BRIGHT_RAW)
65        tank_ok = tank.value() == 0
66
67        if errors >= 3 or t is None:     # güvenli durum / safe state
68            heat_on, fan_t = False, True
69        else:
70            fan_t = hysteresis(fan_t, t, 30, 27)
71            fan_h = hysteresis(fan_h, h, 85, 75)
72            heat_on = hysteresis(heat_on, t, 16, 19)
73        relay(fan, fan_t or fan_h)
74        relay(heater, heat_on)
75
76        was_dark = dark
77        dark = hysteresis(dark, light, 25, 35)
78        if dark and not was_dark:
79            dark_since = now             # akşam oldu / dusk detected
80        led_on = dark and time.ticks_diff(now, dark_since) < EXTRA_LIGHT_MS
81        led.duty_u16(50000 if led_on else 0)
82
83        need_water = hysteresis(need_water, soil, 35, 50)
84        if not need_water:
85            pulses = 0
86        print("T", t, "N", h, "Toprak", soil, "Isik", light, "Pompa", pump_state,
87              "Depo OK" if tank_ok else "Depo BOS", "HATA" if pulses >= 6 else "")
88
89    # Sulama: 3 sn darbe, 60 sn bekleme / Watering: 3 s pulse, 60 s soak
90    if pump_state == "idle" and need_water and tank_ok and pulses < 6:
91        pump_state, pump_at = "pump", now
92        pulses += 1
93    elif pump_state == "pump" and (time.ticks_diff(now, pump_at) >= 3000 or not tank_ok):
94        pump_state, pump_at = "soak", now
95    elif pump_state == "soak" and time.ticks_diff(now, pump_at) >= 60000:
96        pump_state = "idle"
97    relay(pump, pump_state == "pump")
98    time.sleep_ms(100)