ArduinoでロータリーエンコーダーKY-040を使う：配線、割り込み、メニューのコード

1// KY-040: CLK -> D2, DT -> D3, SW -> D4, + -> 5V, GND -> GND
2const byte PIN_CLK = 2;
3const byte PIN_DT  = 3;
4const byte PIN_SW  = 4;
5
6int counter = 0;
7int lastClk;
8
9void setup() {
10  pinMode(PIN_CLK, INPUT_PULLUP);   // modülde 10k pull-up zaten var / the module already has 10k pull-ups
11  pinMode(PIN_DT, INPUT_PULLUP);
12  pinMode(PIN_SW, INPUT_PULLUP);    // basınca LOW okunur / reads LOW when pressed
13  Serial.begin(115200);
14  lastClk = digitalRead(PIN_CLK);
15}
16
17void loop() {
18  int clk = digitalRead(PIN_CLK);
19  if (clk != lastClk && clk == LOW) {      // CLK düşen kenar / CLK falling edge
20    if (digitalRead(PIN_DT) == HIGH) {     // DT hâlâ HIGH: saat yönü / DT still HIGH: clockwise
21      counter++;
22      Serial.print("CW  ");
23    } else {                               // DT zaten LOW: ters yön / DT already LOW: counter-clockwise
24      counter--;
25      Serial.print("CCW ");
26    }
27    Serial.println(counter);
28  }
29  lastClk = clk;
30
31  if (digitalRead(PIN_SW) == LOW) {        // mile basıldı / shaft pressed
32    delay(20);                             // buton sıçramasını bekle / wait out the button bounce
33    if (digitalRead(PIN_SW) == LOW) {
34      counter = 0;
35      Serial.println("Sifirlandi / reset");
36      while (digitalRead(PIN_SW) == LOW) {}   // bırakılmasını bekle / wait for release
37    }
38  }
39}

1// KY-040: CLK -> D2 (INT0), DT -> D3 (INT1), SW -> D4, + -> 5V
2const byte PIN_CLK = 2;
3const byte PIN_DT  = 3;
4const byte PIN_SW  = 4;
5
6// İndeks: (eski AB << 2) | yeni AB / Index: (old AB << 2) | new AB
7const int8_t QEM[16] = {0, -1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, -1, 0};
8
9volatile long position = 0;   // tık sayısı, ISR ile loop paylaşır / detent count shared by ISR and loop
10uint8_t lastAB = 3;           // son durum, 3 = ikisi de HIGH / last state, 3 = both HIGH
11int8_t quarter = 0;           // iki tık arası çeyrek adımlar / quarter steps between detents
12
13void readEncoder() {
14  uint8_t ab = (digitalRead(PIN_CLK) << 1) | digitalRead(PIN_DT);
15  quarter += QEM[(lastAB << 2) | ab];
16  lastAB = ab;
17  if (ab == 3) {                          // tıka oturdu / settled in a detent
18    if (quarter > 1) position++;          // saat yönü / clockwise
19    else if (quarter < -1) position--;    // ters yön / counter-clockwise
20    quarter = 0;
21  }
22}
23
24bool buttonPressed() {
25  static bool lastState = HIGH;
26  static unsigned long lastChange = 0;
27  bool state = digitalRead(PIN_SW);
28  if (state != lastState && millis() - lastChange > 30) {   // 30 ms kilit / 30 ms lockout
29    lastChange = millis();
30    lastState = state;
31    return state == LOW;                  // yalnızca basış anı / only the moment of pressing
32  }
33  return false;
34}
35
36void setup() {
37  pinMode(PIN_CLK, INPUT_PULLUP);
38  pinMode(PIN_DT, INPUT_PULLUP);
39  pinMode(PIN_SW, INPUT_PULLUP);
40  Serial.begin(115200);
41  lastAB = (digitalRead(PIN_CLK) << 1) | digitalRead(PIN_DT);
42  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PIN_CLK), readEncoder, CHANGE);   // her iki kenar / both edges
43  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PIN_DT), readEncoder, CHANGE);
44}
45
46long lastPosition = 0;
47
48void loop() {
49  noInterrupts();                         // 4 baytı güvenle kopyala / copy the 4 bytes safely
50  long pos = position;
51  interrupts();
52
53  if (pos != lastPosition) {
54    Serial.print(pos > lastPosition ? "CW  " : "CCW ");
55    Serial.println(pos);
56    lastPosition = pos;
57  }
58
59  if (buttonPressed()) {
60    noInterrupts();
61    position = 0;
62    interrupts();
63    Serial.println("Sifirlandi / reset");
64  }
65
66  delay(50);   // loop yavaş olsa da tık kaçmaz / no detent is lost even with a slow loop
67}

1#include <Encoder.h>
2
3// Önce DT (3), sonra CLK (2): saat yönü artı sayılır / DT (3) first, then CLK (2): clockwise counts up
4Encoder knob(3, 2);
5const byte PIN_SW = 4;
6long lastDetent = 0;
7
8void setup() {
9  pinMode(PIN_SW, INPUT_PULLUP);
10  Serial.begin(115200);
11}
12
13void loop() {
14  long detent = knob.read() / 4;          // 4 kenar = 1 tık / 4 edges = 1 detent
15  if (detent != lastDetent) {
16    lastDetent = detent;
17    Serial.println(detent);
18  }
19  if (digitalRead(PIN_SW) == LOW) {       // basınca sıfırla / reset on press
20    knob.write(0);
21  }
22}

1#include <Wire.h>
2#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
3
4LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);           // adres 0x27 ya da 0x3F / address 0x27 or 0x3F
5
6const byte PIN_CLK = 2, PIN_DT = 3, PIN_SW = 4;
7const byte COUNT = 3;
8const byte LED_PINS[COUNT] = {9, 10, 11};     // RGB LED, PWM pinleri / PWM pins
9const char* NAMES[COUNT] = {"Kirmizi/Red", "Yesil/Green", "Mavi/Blue"};
10int values[COUNT] = {0, 0, 0};                // 0-255 parlaklık / brightness
11
12const int8_t QEM[16] = {0, -1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, -1, 0};
13volatile int steps = 0;                       // loop'un işlemediği tıklar / detents not yet handled by loop
14uint8_t lastAB = 3;
15int8_t quarter = 0;
16
17int selected = 0;                             // seçili satır / selected item
18bool editing = false;                         // değer düzenleme modu / value edit mode
19
20void readEncoder() {
21  uint8_t ab = (digitalRead(PIN_CLK) << 1) | digitalRead(PIN_DT);
22  quarter += QEM[(lastAB << 2) | ab];
23  lastAB = ab;
24  if (ab == 3) {
25    if (quarter > 1) steps++;
26    else if (quarter < -1) steps--;
27    quarter = 0;
28  }
29}
30
31bool buttonPressed() {
32  static bool lastState = HIGH;
33  static unsigned long lastChange = 0;
34  bool state = digitalRead(PIN_SW);
35  if (state != lastState && millis() - lastChange > 30) {
36    lastChange = millis();
37    lastState = state;
38    return state == LOW;
39  }
40  return false;
41}
42
43void drawMenu() {
44  int top = selected > COUNT - 2 ? COUNT - 2 : selected;   // görünen ilk satır / first visible row
45  for (byte row = 0; row < 2; row++) {
46    int i = top + row;
47    char mark = ' ';
48    if (i == selected) mark = editing ? '*' : '>';
49    char line[17];
50    snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%c%-11s%4d", mark, NAMES[i], values[i]);
51    lcd.setCursor(0, row);
52    lcd.print(line);
53  }
54}
55
56void setup() {
57  pinMode(PIN_CLK, INPUT_PULLUP);
58  pinMode(PIN_DT, INPUT_PULLUP);
59  pinMode(PIN_SW, INPUT_PULLUP);
60  for (byte i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) pinMode(LED_PINS[i], OUTPUT);
61  lcd.init();
62  lcd.backlight();
63  lastAB = (digitalRead(PIN_CLK) << 1) | digitalRead(PIN_DT);
64  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PIN_CLK), readEncoder, CHANGE);
65  attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PIN_DT), readEncoder, CHANGE);
66  drawMenu();
67}
68
69void loop() {
70  noInterrupts();
71  int s = steps;                              // biriken tıkları al / take the pending detents
72  steps = 0;
73  interrupts();
74
75  if (s != 0) {
76    if (editing) {
77      values[selected] = constrain(values[selected] + s * 5, 0, 255);   // tık başına 5 / 5 per detent
78      analogWrite(LED_PINS[selected], values[selected]);
79    } else {
80      selected = constrain(selected + s, 0, COUNT - 1);
81    }
82    drawMenu();
83  }
84
85  if (buttonPressed()) {                      // bas: düzenle ya da bitir / press: edit or finish
86    editing = !editing;
87    drawMenu();
88  }
89}

1// LCD menü kodunda değişecek kısımlar / parts to change in the LCD menu sketch
2#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
3#include <Adafruit_SSD1306.h>
4
5Adafruit_SSD1306 display(128, 64, &Wire, -1);
6// setup() içinde lcd.init() ve lcd.backlight() yerine / in setup() instead of lcd.init() and lcd.backlight():
7//   display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C);
8
9void drawMenu() {
10  display.clearDisplay();
11  display.setTextSize(1);
12  for (byte i = 0; i < COUNT; i++) {
13    int y = i * 16;
14    if (i == selected) {
15      display.fillRect(0, y, 128, 14, SSD1306_WHITE);   // seçili satır çubuğu / highlight bar
16      display.setTextColor(SSD1306_BLACK);
17    } else {
18      display.setTextColor(SSD1306_WHITE);
19    }
20    display.setCursor(4, y + 3);
21    display.print(NAMES[i]);
22    display.setCursor(98, y + 3);
23    display.print(values[i]);
24    if (i == selected && editing) display.print('*');   // düzenleme işareti / edit marker
25  }
26  display.display();
27}

1#include "driver/pulse_cnt.h"
2#include "driver/gpio.h"
3
4// KY-040: CLK -> GPIO 25, DT -> GPIO 26, SW -> GPIO 27, + -> 3V3
5const int PIN_CLK = 25;
6const int PIN_DT  = 26;
7const int PIN_SW  = 27;
8
9pcnt_unit_handle_t unit = NULL;
10
11void setup() {
12  Serial.begin(115200);
13  pinMode(PIN_SW, INPUT_PULLUP);
14
15  pcnt_unit_config_t unitCfg = {};
16  unitCfg.low_limit = -10000;                 // sınıra varınca sayaç 0'a döner / the counter returns to 0 at a limit
17  unitCfg.high_limit = 10000;
18  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_new_unit(&unitCfg, &unit));
19
20  pcnt_glitch_filter_config_t filterCfg = {};
21  filterCfg.max_glitch_ns = 1000;             // 1 µs'den kısa iğneleri yok say / ignore spikes shorter than 1 µs
22  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_unit_set_glitch_filter(unit, &filterCfg));
23
24  pcnt_chan_config_t aCfg = {};
25  aCfg.edge_gpio_num = PIN_CLK;               // A kanalı: CLK kenarları, DT seviyesi / channel A: CLK edges, DT level
26  aCfg.level_gpio_num = PIN_DT;
27  pcnt_channel_handle_t chA = NULL;
28  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_new_channel(unit, &aCfg, &chA));
29
30  pcnt_chan_config_t bCfg = {};
31  bCfg.edge_gpio_num = PIN_DT;                // B kanalı: DT kenarları, CLK seviyesi / channel B: DT edges, CLK level
32  bCfg.level_gpio_num = PIN_CLK;
33  pcnt_channel_handle_t chB = NULL;
34  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_new_channel(unit, &bCfg, &chB));
35
36  // 4x çözme: iki hattın tüm kenarları sayılır / 4x decoding: every edge of both lines is counted
37  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_channel_set_edge_action(chA, PCNT_CHANNEL_EDGE_ACTION_DECREASE, PCNT_CHANNEL_EDGE_ACTION_INCREASE));
38  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_channel_set_level_action(chA, PCNT_CHANNEL_LEVEL_ACTION_KEEP, PCNT_CHANNEL_LEVEL_ACTION_INVERSE));
39  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_channel_set_edge_action(chB, PCNT_CHANNEL_EDGE_ACTION_INCREASE, PCNT_CHANNEL_EDGE_ACTION_DECREASE));
40  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_channel_set_level_action(chB, PCNT_CHANNEL_LEVEL_ACTION_KEEP, PCNT_CHANNEL_LEVEL_ACTION_INVERSE));
41
42  gpio_pullup_en((gpio_num_t)PIN_CLK);        // çıplak encoder için iç pull-up / internal pull-up for a bare encoder
43  gpio_pullup_en((gpio_num_t)PIN_DT);
44
45  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_unit_enable(unit));
46  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_unit_clear_count(unit));
47  ESP_ERROR_CHECK(pcnt_unit_start(unit));
48}
49
50int lastDetent = 0;
51
52void loop() {
53  int count = 0;
54  pcnt_unit_get_count(unit, &count);
55  int detent = count / 4;                     // 4 kenar = 1 tık / 4 edges = 1 detent
56  if (detent != lastDetent) {
57    lastDetent = detent;
58    Serial.printf("Tik / detent: %d  (ham / raw: %d)\n", detent, count);
59  }
60  if (digitalRead(PIN_SW) == LOW) {           // basınca sıfırla / reset on press
61    pcnt_unit_clear_count(unit);
62  }
63  delay(20);
64}

1from machine import Pin, PWM
2import time
3
4clk = Pin(16, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)     # A fazı / phase A
5dt = Pin(17, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)      # B fazı / phase B
6sw = Pin(18, Pin.IN, Pin.PULL_UP)      # buton, basınca 0 / button, 0 when pressed
7led = PWM(Pin(15))                     # LED + 220 ohm
8led.freq(1000)
9
10# İndeks: (eski AB << 2) | yeni AB / Index: (old AB << 2) | new AB
11QEM = (0, -1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, -1, -1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, -1, 0)
12last_ab = (clk.value() << 1) | dt.value()
13quarter = 0
14position = 10                          # 0-20 tık, başlangıç %50 / 0-20 detents, start at 50 %
15
16def on_edge(pin):
17    global last_ab, quarter, position
18    ab = (clk.value() << 1) | dt.value()
19    quarter += QEM[(last_ab << 2) | ab]
20    last_ab = ab
21    if ab == 3:                        # tıka oturdu / settled in a detent
22        if quarter > 1 and position < 20:
23            position += 1
24        elif quarter < -1 and position > 0:
25            position -= 1
26        quarter = 0
27
28clk.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_RISING | Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=on_edge)
29dt.irq(trigger=Pin.IRQ_RISING | Pin.IRQ_FALLING, handler=on_edge)
30
31on = True
32shown = -1
33while True:
34    if sw.value() == 0:                # mile basıldı / shaft pressed
35        time.sleep_ms(20)              # sıçramayı bekle / wait out the bounce
36        if sw.value() == 0:
37            on = not on
38            shown = -1                 # yeniden yaz / force an update
39            while sw.value() == 0:     # bırakılmasını bekle / wait for release
40                time.sleep_ms(10)
41    if position != shown:
42        shown = position
43        led.duty_u16(shown * 65535 // 20 if on else 0)
44        print("Parlaklik / brightness: %d%%" % (shown * 5), "acik / on" if on else "kapali / off")
45    time.sleep_ms(10)